Math Dictionary c

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C
Cartesian coordinates : An ordered pair of real numbers that establishes the location or address of a point in a coordinate plane using the distances from two perpendicular intersecting lines called the coordinate axes.

Cartesian plane : The set of all points in a plane designated by their Cartesian coordinates. Center of a dilation : A fixed point in the plane about which all points are expanded or contracted; the only invariant point under dilation.

Center of gravity : The balance point of an object.

Center of a regular polygon The center of the circle which circumscribes or inscribes a regular polygon.

Center of a rotation : A fixed point in the plane about which all points are rotated.

Center-radius equation of a circle : The form of the equation of a circle with center (h, k) and radius r given by the formula (x − h)2 + ( y − k )2 = r2 .

Central angle : An angle in a circle with vertex at the center of the circle and sides that are radii.

Central angle of a regular polygon : An angle in a regular polygon with vertex at the center of the polygon and sides that are radii of its circumcircle.

Centroid : The point of concurrency of the medians of a triangle; the center of gravity in a triangle.

Chord : A line segment joining any two points on a circle. The diameter is the largest chord of a circle.

Circle : The set of all points (or locus of points) in a plane that are a fixed distance, (called the radius) from a fixed point, (called the center).

Circle graph : Pie chart is called a circle graph.

Circumcenter : The center of the circle circumscribed about a polygon; the point that is equidistant from the vertices of any polygon.

Circumcircle " A circle that passes through all of the vertices of a polygon. Also called a circumscribed circle.

Circumference : The length of or distance around a circle. The formula for circumference is C= 2π r =π d

Clockwise : The direction in which the hands of a clock move around the dial. Used to indicate the orientation of a transformation.

Closure : A set "S" and a binary operation "*" are said to exhibit closure if applying the binary operation to any two elements in "S" produces a value that is a member of "S".

Collinear points : Points that lie on the same line.

Common tangents : Lines that are tangent to two or more circles.

Construction : In Geometry, it means to draw shapes, angles or lines accurately.

Construction of Angles : It needs mainly compass and ruler.

Construction of Triangles : Construction of Triangles one needs to know three values (either sides S or angles A): SSS, SAS, ASA and right triangle ( HL or RHS )

Complementary angles : Two angles the sum of whose measures is 90 degrees.

Composition of functions : A way of combining functions in which the output of one function is used as the input of another function; the formation of a new function h from functions f and g using the rule
h(x) = g 0 f (x) = g [ f (x)] for all x in the domain of f for which f (x) is in the domain of g .

Compound locus: A set of points satisfying two or more locus conditions.

Compound statement : A statement formed from two or more simple statements using the logic connectives, or, and, if...then, or if and only if.

Concave polygon : A polygon that has at least one diagonal outside the polygon. concave polygon

concentric circles Two or more circles having the same center and different radii.

Conclusion : An answer or solution arrived at through logical or mathematical reasoning; the "then" clause in an "if-then" statement; the final statement in a proof which follows logically from previous true statements.

Concurrence : The concept of three or more lines intersecting in a single (common) point; having a single point of intersection.

Conditional statement : A statement formed from two given statements by connecting them in the form if..., then...

Cone : A solid formed by a circular region (the base) and the surface formed by the straight line segments connecting points on the boundary of the base with a fixed point (the vertex) not in the plane of the base.

Conjecture : An educated guess; an unproven hypothesis based on observation, experimentation, data collection, etc.

Conjunction : A compound statement formed using the word "and".
A conjunction is true only if both clauses are true.

Congruent : Having the same size and shape. Two angles are congruent if the have the same measure. Two polygons are congruent if their exists a one-to-one correspondence between their vertices such that their corresponding sides are congruent and their corresponding angles are congruent.

Conic sections : The plane section created by the intersection of a plane and a cone.Example : Parabola,ellipse circle etc.

Consistency :A property of an axiomatic system where no axiom(s) can be used to contradict any other axiom(s).

Constant of proportionality : The number representing the ratio of any two corresponding sides in two similar geometric figures.

Construct : To draw a figure using only a compass and a straightedge.

Constraints : Any restriction placed on the variables in a problem.

Contradiction : A statement that has been shown to be both true and false.

Contrapositive of a statement : A statement formed by interchanging the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement and negating each clause.

Converse of a statement : A statement formed by interchanging the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement

Convex polygon : A polygon is convex if a line segment connecting any two points of the polygon lies entirely in the polygon’s interior.

Coordinate geometry : An approach to geometry in which a point is represented by coordinates and algebraic methods of reasoning are used; also called analytical geometry.

Coordinate plane : The set of all points in a plane designated by their Cartesian coordinates. Also called the Cartesian plane.

Coplanar : Any three or more points that lie in the same plane.

Corresponding angles :
A set of angles formed on each of two or more lines cut by a transversal that are in the same position relative to each line and to the transversal.Angle formed at the letter "F"

Corresponding parts In two geometric figures, the points, sides, and/or angles which are in the same relative position when the figures are placed in a one-to-one correspondence.

Counterclockwise : The direction opposite the way in which the hands of a clock move around the dial. Used to indicate the orientation of a rotation.

Counterexample : An example that disproves a general statement.

Crossection : A plane section perpendicular to the longest axis of a solid.

Cube : A polyhedron with six square faces. A cube (or hexahedron) is one of the five platonic solids.

Cyclic Quadrilateral : A quadrilateral is called cyclic quadrilateral if its all vertices lie on a circle.

Math Dictionary c

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